Key Takeaways
- Poland records the highest fraud vulnerability score among the 17 EU member states in the dataset, at 2.5. Luxembourg records the lowest at 0.8.
- Germany scores 2.2, placing it in the upper vulnerability tier alongside France, Italy, and Spain. It scores higher than Greece, Belgium, Ireland, and every Nordic country in the dataset.
- France fell from position 15 globally in 2024 to position 32 in 2025. A deterioration in economic health drove the drop. It does not show an increase in fraud activity itself.
- Luxembourg, Denmark, and the Netherlands record the lowest EU scores at 0.8, 0.9, and 1.1, respectively. This reflects consistent investment in digital identity infrastructure and AML enforcement.
Fraud Vulnerability Scores Across EU Countries
| Country | Fraud Vulnerability Score |
|---|---|
| Poland | 2.5 |
| France | 2.3 |
| Italy | 2.3 |
| Germany | 2.2 |
| Spain | 2.2 |
| Portugal | 2.0 |
| Greece | 1.8 |
| Belgium | 1.7 |
| Slovakia | 1.6 |
| Ireland | 1.5 |
| Slovenia | 1.4 |
| Finland | 1.3 |
| Austria | 1.2 |
| Sweden | 1.2 |
| Netherlands | 1.1 |
| Denmark | 0.9 |
| Luxembourg | 0.8 |
Source: Sumsub (2025)
Each country receives a composite score across four pillars weighted as follows: fraud activity (50%), resource accessibility (20%), government intervention (20%), and economic health (10%). Fraud activity is itself a weighted composite of a country’s fraud rate (70%), fraud network participation rate (20%), and AML rejection rate (10%).
Sumsub’s internal data draws on over one million identity verification checks conducted daily on its platform. Higher scores indicate greater fraud vulnerability.
The global average across all 112 countries in the index is 2.79. All 17 EU countries in this dataset score below it.
Poland scores 2.5 on Sumsub’s Global Fraud Index. Luxembourg scores 0.8. Both are EU member states operating under the same single market rules. The threefold gap between them is not an anomaly. It is the pattern across the bloc.
Poland, France, and Italy Record the Highest EU Fraud Vulnerability Scores
Poland’s fraud vulnerability score is 2.5. It is the highest in the EU dataset. France and Italy follow at 2.3.
Poland and Italy each ranked highest in the EEA for e-money fraud in 2024.
- Poland recorded the highest rate of e-money fraud. Fraudulent transactions accounted for 0.111% of the total value of e-money payments processed in the country.
- Italy recorded the highest number of fraudulent e-money transactions. It processed 447,000 fraudulent e-money transactions in 2024.
France recorded the highest card fraud rate among EU member states in 2024, at 0.057% of card payment value. It also recorded the highest card fraud volume. France had 7.1 million fraudulent transactions. Its total card fraud value amounted to €484 million.
France dropped from rank 15 globally in 2024 to rank 32 in 2025 on the Sumsub index. A deterioration in economic health drove most of that drop. The economic health pillar tracks corruption levels, unemployment, and economic instability. These conditions do not cause fraud directly. They create the environment in which fraud is more likely to be attempted and harder to prevent.
A fraud vulnerability score of 2.3 does not mean France records more active fraud than a country with a score of 1.5. It means France faces more of the structural conditions that make fraud easier to attempt.
Luxembourg and Northern European Countries Record the Lowest EU Fraud Vulnerability Scores
Luxembourg records the lowest fraud vulnerability score in the EU dataset at 0.8. Several Northern European countries follow closely:
- Denmark has a fraud vulnerability score of 0.9
- The Netherlands scores 1.1
- Sweden and Austria each score 1.2
- Finland scores 1.3
- Ireland sits at 1.5
The EU range of 0.8 to 2.5 sits inside a single market, not across separate continents. The conditions driving that spread include economic stability, enforcement capacity, and fraud activity on the ground. Those conditions shift. France dropped 17 places in a single year. A country’s fraud vulnerability score is not a fixed position.
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